Isicelo seMolybdenum nokwandiswa kwesayensi

IMolybdenum iyinto yensimbi, uphawu lwento: Mo, Igama lesiNgisi: molybdenum, inombolo ye-athomu 42, iyinsimbi ye-VIB. Ubuningi be-molybdenum ngu-10.2 g / cm 3, indawo yokuncibilika ingu-2610 ℃ nephuzu lokubilisa lingu-5560 ℃. I-Molybdenum uhlobo lwensimbi emhlophe eyisiliva, eqinile futhi elukhuni, enephuzu lokuncibilika okuphezulu kanye nokuqhuba okuphezulu kokushisa. Ayiphenduli emoyeni ekamelweni lokushisa. Njengengxenye yenguquko, kulula ukushintsha isimo sayo se-oxidation, futhi umbala we-molybdenum ion uzoshintsha ngokushintsha kwesimo se-oxidation. I-Molybdenum iyinto ebalulekile yokulandela umkhondo womzimba womuntu, izilwane nezitshalo, edlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni, ekuthuthukisweni nasekutholeni ifa labantu, izilwane nezitshalo. Okuqukethwe okumaphakathi kwe-molybdenum koqweqwe lomhlaba kungu-0.00011%. Imithombo yemithombo yomhlaba molybdenum ingamathani ayizigidi eziyi-11, kanti izinqolobane eziqinisekisiwe zingamathani ayizigidi eziyi-19.4. Ngenxa yamandla ayo aphakeme, iphuzu lokuncibilika okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala nokugqokwa kokuqina, i-molybdenum isetshenziswa kakhulu kwezensimbi, uphethiloli, amakhemikhali, ubuchwepheshe kagesi nobuchwepheshe, ezokwelapha nezolimo. Insimbi ekhanyelayo engu-3: ukusetshenziswa kwe-molybdenum

I-Molybdenum ithatha indawo yokuqala embonini yensimbi nensimbi, ibala cishe u-80% wokusetshenziswa okuphelele kwe-molybdenum, kulandele imboni yamakhemikhali, ebala cishe i-10%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-molybdenum iyasetshenziswa nakwezobuchwepheshe kagesi nobuchwepheshe, kwezokwelapha nakwezolimo, kubalwa cishe i-10% yokusetshenziswa okuphelele.

I-Molybdenum iyona mthengi omkhulu wensimbi nensimbi, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni i-alloy steel (cishe ama-43% we-molybdenum esewonke ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi), insimbi engagqwali (cishe u-23%), insimbi yamathuluzi nensimbi esheshayo (cishe u-8% ), Insimbi yensimbi ne-roller (cishe u-6%). Iningi le-molybdenum lisetshenziswa ngqo ekwenzeni insimbi noma i-cast iron ngemuva kokuqhutshwa kwe-molybdenum oxide briquetting, kuyilapho ingxenye encane incibilikiswa ku-ferromolybdenum bese isetshenziselwa ukwenza insimbi. Njengengxenye yensimbi yensimbi, i-molybdenum inezinzuzo ezilandelayo: ukuthuthukisa amandla nokuqina kwensimbi; ukwenza ngcono ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi kusisombululo se-acid-base nensimbi engamanzi; ukwenza ngcono ukumelana nensimbi; ukwenza ngcono ukuqina, ukuqina nokuqina kokushisa kwensimbi. Isibonelo, insimbi engagqwali enokuqukethwe kwe-molybdenum okungu-4% - 5% kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinokugqwala okukhulu nokugqwala, njengemishini yasolwandle nemishini yamakhemikhali.

I-alloy non-ferrous yakhiwe nge-molybdenum matrix nezinye izinto (ezinjengeTi, Zr, HF, W ne-re). Lezi zinto ze-alloy azidlali nje kuphela ekuqiniseni isixazululo kanye ne-plasticity esezingeni eliphansi le-molybdenum alloy, kepha futhi zakha isigaba se-carbide esizinzile futhi esihlakazekile, esingathuthukisa amandla nokushisa kabusha kwe-alloy. Ama-alloys asekelwe eMolybdenum asetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni ezifudumeza kakhulu, ama-extrusion abrasives, ingilazi encibilikisa ama-electrode esithandweni somlilo, ukumboza isifutho, amathuluzi wokucubungula izinsimbi, izingxenye zomkhumbi-mkhathi njalonjalo ngenxa yamandla abo amahle, ukuzinza kwemishini kanye ne-ductility ephezulu.

2. Izinsizakusebenza zeMolybdenum emhlabeni zigxilwe kakhulu emaphethelweni empumalanga yePacific Basin, okungukuthi, ukusuka e-Alaska naseBritish Columbia kudlula e-United States naseMexico kuya e-Andes, eChile. Uhla lwezintaba oludume kakhulu izintaba zaseCordillera eMelika. Kunenqwaba yamadiphozithi e-porphyry molybdenum kanye ne-porphyry yethusi ezintabeni, njenge-clemesk ne-Henderson porphyry molybdenum deposits e-United States, elteniente kanye ne-chuki eChile I-porphyry yethusi molybdenum idiphozitha eKamata, e-El Salvador nase-pispidaka eCanada, I-andako porphyry molybdenum idiphozi eCanada kanye ne-hailanwali porphyry yethusi le-molybdenum idiphozi eCanada, njll.

I-China ingelinye lamazwe anezinsizakusebenza eziningi kakhulu ze-molybdenum emhlabeni. Ngokuya ngemininingwane ekhishwe nguMnyango Wezomhlaba nezinsizakusebenza, ekupheleni konyaka wezi-2013, izinqolobane zaseChina iMolybdenum zazingamathani ayizigidi ezingama-26.202 (okuqukethwe yensimbi). Ngo-2014, izinqolobane zaseChina iMolybdenum zanda ngamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.066 (okuqukethwe yensimbi), ngakho-ke ngo-2014, izinqolobane zaseChina iMolybdenum zifinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-27.268 (okuqukethwe kwensimbi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ngo-2011, iChina ithole izimayini ezintathu ze-molybdenum ezinomthamo wamathani ayizigidi ezi-2, kufaka phakathi i-shapinggou esifundazweni sase-Anhui. Njengezwe elikhulu kunawo wonke lezinsiza ze-molybdenum emhlabeni, isisekelo sezinsizakusebenza zaseChina sizinzile ngokwengeziwe.